跨行政区游憩空间柔性一体化研究 ——以高莱茵河沿岸地区为例

随着城市化与区域一体化的迅速发展,不同行政区之间的联动关系越来越紧密,这种联动关系在城市各功能空间的设计上有所体现,更渗透到了与市民息息相关的游憩空间建构之中。受制于行政管理等方面的原因,在跨行政区的游憩空间一体化实施过程中,往往会采取一系列柔性措施。以欧洲高莱茵河沿岸地区为研究对象,分析高莱茵河沿岸地区游憩空间的发展与现状,总结其游憩空间体系的构建特点,为中国跨城市河流沿岸的游憩空间柔性一体化建构提供策略与建议。     

Model-Based Design Space Exploration for FPGA-based Image Processing Applications Employing Parameterizable Approximations

The increasing demand for low power consumption and high computational performance is outpacing available technological improvements in embedded systems. Approximate computing is a novel design paradigm trying to bridge this gap by leveraging the inherent error resilience of certain applications and trading in quality to achieve reductions in resource usage. Numerous approximation methods have emerged in this research field. While these methods are commonly demonstrated in isolation, their combination can increase the achieved benefits in complex systems. However, the propagation of errors throughout the system necessitates a global optimization of parameters, leading to an exponentially growing design space. Additionally, the parameterization of approximated components must consider potential cross-dependencies between them. This work proposes a systematic approach to integrate and optimally configure parameterizable approximate components in FPGA-based applications, focusing on low-level but high-bandwidth image processing pipelines. The design space is explored by a multi-objective genetic algorithm which takes parameter dependencies between different components into account. During the exploration, appropriate models are used to estimate the quality-resource trade-off for probed solutions without the need for time-consuming synthesis. We demonstrate and evaluate the effectiveness of our approach on two image processing applications that employ multiple approximations. The experimental results show that the proposed methods are able to produce a wide range of Pareto-optimal solutions, offering various choices regarding the desired quality-resource trade-off.     

Chemical Bonding by the Chemical Orthogonal Space of Reactivity

The fashionable Parr–Pearson (PP) atoms-in-molecule/bonding (AIM/AIB) approach for determining the exchanged charge necessary for acquiring an equalized electronegativity within a chemical bond is refined and generalized here by introducing the concepts of chemical power within the chemical orthogonal space (COS) in terms of electronegativity and chemical hardness. Electronegativity and chemical hardness are conceptually orthogonal, since there are opposite tendencies in bonding, i.e., reactivity vs. stability or the HOMO-LUMO middy level vs. the HOMO-LUMO interval (gap). Thus, atoms-in-molecule/bond electronegativity and chemical hardness are provided for in orthogonal space (COS), along with a generalized analytical expression of the exchanged electrons in bonding. Moreover, the present formalism surpasses the earlier Parr–Pearson limitation to the context of hetero-bonding molecules so as to also include the important case of covalent homo-bonding. The connections of the present COS analysis with PP formalism is analytically revealed, while a numerical illustration regarding the patterning and fragmentation of chemical benchmarking bondings is also presented and fundamental open questions are critically discussed.     

养老机构公共空间需求及影响因素研究——基于Kano模型分析

运用细分后的Kano模型甄别养老机构中老年人对公共空间需求的优先度排序及其影响因素的主次排序。首先通过规范、文献研究与访谈研究获取南京市养老机构中老年群体公共空间需求要素，并将得到的需求项进行层次归属划分。接着测算SI与DI系数量化各项需求对空间满意度的影响，得出公共空间需求优先度排序。最后利用多元线性回归对需求项的影响因素进行分析，探讨“自我”和“家庭”维度下影响因素的主次排序。得出养老机构公共空间的设计应首先满足老年人医疗保健空间层面的需求且空间需求受老年人“自我”维度下失能等级的影响程度最深。通过对需求重要度的排序，可以得出设计的优先满足策略，提升空间的利用效率及老年群体的满意度，为养老机构公共空间的投入侧重点提供理论依据。     

镁质熔剂性球团矿相的多重分形谱

 球团矿相微观结构决定其冶金物理化学性能，为透视球团矿微观结构与其宏观冶金物理化学性能之间的依赖关系，需要解决的首要关键问题是矿相微观视觉特征的提取与定量表征。以镁质熔剂性球团微观矿相为研究对象，在直观分析矿相视觉特征的基础上，采用多重分形谱分析方法，提取矿相的微观多重分形谱定量表征值f（α），并分别深度挖掘由f（α）衍生出的对称度特征值Δf、谱宽特征值Δα、容量维特征值D（0）随碱度变化的迁移规律和随矿相检测位置变化的迁移规律。研究结果表明，矿相微观视觉特征在HSV颜色空间上呈现的颜色特征未在碱度变化和位置变化上存在显著差异性；矿相微观多重分形谱分析中，Δf、Δα、D（0） 3个特征值在碱度变化和位置变化上有显著的差异性，可以很好地表征碱度迁移规律和位置迁移规律。     

变分自编码器模型综述

变分自编码器（VAE）作为深度隐空间生成模型的一种，近年来其表现性能取得了极大的成功，尤其是在图像生成方面。变分自编码器模型作为无监督式特征学习的重要工具之一，可以通过学习隐编码空间与数据生成空间的特征映射，进而在输出端重构生成输入数据。梳理了传统变分自编码器模型及其衍生变体模型的发展与研究现状，并就此做了总结和对比，最后分析了变分自编码器模型存在的问题与挑战，并就可能的发展趋势做了展望。     

MW级空间核反应堆系统热管式辐射散热器分析及优化

空间核反应堆是空间核电源和核推进的研究基础，大功率核反应堆的体积和质量一直是限制航空航天设计的重要因素。针对这一问题，本文对MW级空间核反应堆系统热管式辐射散热器进行建模和分析，建立热管式辐射散热器的热阻模型，利用穷举法和遗传算法在给定工况下探讨裸碳纤维翅片长度L_f和厚度δ_f、冷却剂质量流量m、辐射散热器入口温度T_f1对散热器质量M的影响。结果表明，当T_f1＝800 K、L_f＝5 cm、δ_f＝0.16 mm、m＝9 kg/s时，M达到最优，为906.593 kg，优化了0.63%的系统质量。     

Quality-by-design approach for the development of telmisartan potassium tablets

A quality-by-design approach was adopted to develop telmisartan potassium (TP) tablets, which were bioequivalent with the commercially available Micardis^® (telmisartan free base) tablets. The dissolution pattern and impurity profile of TP tablets differed from those of Micardis^® tablets because telmisartan free base is poorly soluble in water. After identifying the quality target product profile and critical quality attributes (CQAs), drug dissolution, and impurities were predicted to be risky CQAs. To determine the exact range and cause of risks, we used the risk assessment (RA) tools, preliminary hazard analysis and failure mode and effect analysis to determine the parameters affecting drug dissolution, impurities, and formulation. The range of the design space was optimized using the face-centered central composite design among the design of experiment (DOE) methods. The binder, disintegrant, and kneading time in the wet granulation were identified as X values affecting Y values (disintegration, hardness, friability, dissolution, and impurities). After determining the design space with the desired Y values, the TP tablets were formulated and their dissolution pattern was compared with that of the reference tablet. The selected TP tablet formulated using design space showed a similar dissolution to that of Micardis^® tablets at pH 7.5. The QbD approach TP tablet was bioequivalent to Micardis^® tablets in beagle dogs.     

基于修正等速运动规律的自由曲面多轴加工刀轴序列优化方法

针对自由曲面多轴加工中起始位置处刀具相对工件速度、加速度不为零导致的一定程度刚性冲击现象,提出了一种基于修正等速运动规律的刀轴序列优化方法,通过控制工件坐标系中决定刀具姿态的两个约束角,使之变化遵循修正等速运动规律,获得了切削行上平稳变化的刀轴序列,避免了由于起始位置处刀具相对工件速度、加速度不为零导致刀具不能精准到达后续加工位置的现象。算例分析表明,该方法能产生平稳且光滑的刀轴序列,可一定程度改善机床运动性能,提高加工表面质量。     

Robust SVM-direct torque control of induction motor based on sliding mode controller and sliding mode observer

This paper proposes a design of control and estimation strategy for induction motor based on the variable structure approach. It describes a coupling of sliding mode direct torque control (DTC) with sliding mode flux and speed observer. This algorithm uses direct torque control basics and the sliding mode approach. A robust electromagnetic torque and flux controllers are designed to overcome the conventional SVM-DTC drawbacks and to ensure fast response and full reference tracking with desired dynamic behavior and low ripple level. The sliding mode controller is used to generate reference voltages in stationary frame and give them to the controlled motor after modulation by a space vector modulation (SVM) inverter. The second aim of this paper is to design a sliding mode speed/flux observer which can improve the control performances by using a sensorless algorithm to get an accurate estimation, and consequently, increase the reliability of the system and decrease the cost of using sensors. The effectiveness of the whole composed control algorithm is investigated in different robustness tests with simulation using Matlab/Simulink and verified by real time experimental implementation based on dS pace 1104 board.